\n\tResearch and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge - including knowledge of humankind, culture and society - and to devise new applications of available knowledge.
\n", "uwagi": "\n\tThe five criteria for identifying R&D:
\n\n\t- novel - to be aimed at new findings
\n\n\t- creative - to be based on original, not obvious, concepts and hypotheses
\n\n\t- uncertain - to be uncertain about the final outcome and the cost, including time allocation
\n\n\t- systematic - to be conducted in a planned way (with identified the purpose of the R&D project and the sources of funding)
\n\n\t- transferable and/or reproducible - to lead to results that could be possibly reproduced.
\n\n\tResearch and development includes:
\n\n\t1. scientific research
\n\n\t- basic research
\n\n\t- applied research
\n\n\t- industrial research
\n\n\t2. experimental development
\n", "data-poczatku-pojecie": "1999-07-01", "data-konca-pojecie": "9999-12-31" }, { "id-pojecie": 230, "nazwa-pojecie": "Intramural expenditures on R&D", "definicja": "All current expenditures plus gross fixed capital expenditures for R&D performed within a statistical unit during a specific reference period, whatever the source of funds. Intramural R&D expenditure is synonymous with the performance of R&D within a statistical unit.
", "uwagi": "The summation of intramural R&D for all sectors is synonymous with the performance of R&D for the entire economy (GERD).
", "data-poczatku-pojecie": "1999-07-01", "data-konca-pojecie": "9999-12-31" }, { "id-pojecie": 364, "nazwa-pojecie": "Gross domestic product", "definicja": "The final result of the activity of resident producer units.
", "uwagi": "\n\tIt can be defined in three ways:
\n\n\t(a) production approach: GDP is the sum of gross value added of the various institutional sectors or the various industries plus taxes and less subsidies on products (which are not allocated to sectors and industries). It is also the balancing item in the total economy production account;
\n\n\t(b) expenditure approach: GDP is the sum of final uses of goods and services by resident institutional units (final consumption and gross capital formation), plus exports and minus imports of goods and services;
\n\n\t(c) income approach: GDP is the sum of uses in the total economy generation of income account (compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, gross operating surplus and mixed income of the total economy).
\n", "data-poczatku-pojecie": "2010-10-01", "data-konca-pojecie": "9999-12-31" } ], "wyjasnienia-metodologiczne": { "wyjasnienia-metodologiczne-tresc": "Intramural expenditures on R&D do not include depreciation of fixed assets.
Since 2016, the way of classifying entities by sectors of performance has changed. Until 2015, research and scientific institutes were classified to the government sector, and since 2016 to the business enterprise, government or higher education sectors.